Document Type
Book Chapter
Publication Date
2003
Abstract
On June 15, 1999, the European Union (EU) passed a directive on the welfare of laying hens, requiring that battery cages (so called because they are arranged in batteries of rows and tiers) be phased out by 2012. Enriched laying cages (which may also be arranged in batteries but which provide increased area and height, when compared with conventional cages, and a perch, nest box, and litter area) will still be allowed. This chapter outlines how this directive came about, and the social, economic, and political issues involved. It considers prospects for the future, both within and outside the EU, and implications for welfare of laying hens in the United States.
Recommended Citation
Appleby, M.C. (2003). The EU ban on battery cages: History and prospects. In D.J. Salem & A.N. Rowan (Eds.), The state of the animals II: 2003 (pp. 159-174). Washington, DC: Humane Society Press.
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Agribusiness Commons, Animal Studies Commons, Operations and Supply Chain Management Commons
